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    December 12, 2022

    Spain | Same deficit, higher expenditure

    Three years after the pandemic began, the imbalance in the public accounts looks to be finally returning to pre-COVID levels. However, public expenditure will be 6 pp of GDP higher than three years ago.

    July 18, 2022

    Spain | Growth in a more adverse international environment

    While real-time indicators of GDP growth in Spain point to an acceleration in the second quarter compared to the first, uncertainty has increased significantly due to the risk of an international recession.

    July 9, 2021

    Spain | Will the pensions reform increase their financial and social sustainability?

    This article assesses the contribution to financial and social sustainability, of the draft bill covering the recent agreement on pensions reached between the government, unions and employer organizations.

    April 12, 2021

    Mexico | More tax revenue is possible with VAT and personal income taxes

    Boosting tax revenue with VAT requires the elimination of the zero-rate for many products with the exception of some food items and would be justified by tax regressivity