Mexico | Evolution of poverty and income distribution

Between 2008 and 2018, poverty in Mexico decreased from 44.4% to 41.9%, but increased in absolute terms, from 49.5 to 52.4 million people. In equity of income, measured by the Gini coefficient, Mexico would move from place 136 to 122 of a total of 164 countries, advancing 14 positions.

Key points

• Key points:
• 57.3% of Mexicans lack access to social security. It is the social lack of multidimensional poverty measurement with the greater magnitude in Mexico, mainly explained by the high level of informal jobs in the country.
• In Mexico, the difference in income between the first and the tenth decile was 18 times, although the Coneval estimates that it can be up to 26 times. Half of the national current income is concentrated in only 20% of households.
• The higher the income of a household, a smaller proportion of the expenditure on food, beverages and tobacco is allocated, and the proportion of expenditure on education and leisure, and on transport and communications increases.
• Chiapas (29.7%), Guerrero (26.8%) and Oaxaca (23.3%) were the states with the highest proportion of the population in extreme poverty, while Nuevo León was the lowest (0.5%).
• On average, households in Mexico City (26,362 pesos per month) have triple the income of those in Chiapas (8,837 pesos).

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